The Situation of the Christian Community
In his message, John shows that he understands the suffering and poverty of the Christian community he is addressing. Their […]
Smyrna in the Byzantine and Medieval Periods
The modern city of İzmir is built directly on top of ancient Smyrna. Because of this, only limited archaeological excavation
Ancient Smyrna The Beginnings of the City
The earliest settlement of Smyrna was located at the Tepekule tumulus in modern Bayraklı, on a small peninsula along the
The Cemetery Above the Grotto of the Seven Sleepers
The ruins of a large cemetery can be seen above the Grotto of the Seven Sleepers in Ephesus. Together with
Later History of the Church of St John
In the tenth century, a small chapel decorated with fresco paintings was built to the north of the Church of
The Cross-Shaped Church of St John
The great church built by Emperor Justinian the Great over the tomb of St John the Theologian was designed in
The Dedicatory Cross and Early Byzantine Decoration
A dedicatory cross can still be seen carved on the steps of one of the columns flanking the entrance to
The Final Phase of the Church of the Virgin
In the later part of its history, the last church built on the site of the Church of the Virgin
The Church of the Virgin in Ephesus
The Church of the Virgin in Ephesus is one of the most important early Christian monuments in Anatolia. It played
The Church of the Virgin (The Double Church)
The Church of the Virgin in Ephesus is also known as the Double Church because it went through several major