In the official charters that defined the rights and privileges of the Genoese colony in Constantinople during the twelfth century, two gates are mentioned. These gates are called the Porta Bonn and the Porta Veteris Rectoris. Both names appear in connection with the Scala, or pier, used by the Genoese community. Because both gates served the same pier, it is almost certain that they were not separate entrances but the same gate known by two different names.
The two names likely describe the gate in different ways. One name probably refers to a person, while the other refers to an official position. The Porta Bonn seems to take its name from an officer called Bonus, while the Porta Veteris Rectoris means “Gate of the Old Rector,” which describes the same person by title rather than by name Marmora Porta in the Quarter of Eugenius.
The Rector Bonus and His Identity
Nothing definite is known about the Rector Bonus. His name and title appear to be both Byzantine and Italian, which fits well with the mixed cultural character of Constantinople at that time. The city was a place where Eastern Roman traditions met Western European influences, especially in areas occupied by foreign trading colonies like the Genoese.
Although we do not know his exact duties, it is clear that the Rector Bonus had some official connection with the gate and the nearby pier. This connection was important enough for the gate to be named after him in formal documents.
Location of the Genoese Quarter
During the twelfth century, the Genoese quarter of Constantinople was located to the east of the Gate of the Neorion. Because of this, the Porta Bonn, also called the Porta Veteris Rectoris, must have stood in that same eastern direction. Most likely, it was situated at or near the place where Sirkedji Iskelessi is located today Guided Istanbul Tours.
This location fits well with what is known about Genoese trading activities. The pier nearby would have allowed easy access for ships bringing goods from the Black Sea and other regions.
The Scala Chalcedonensis
Near this gate was the Scala Chalcedonensis, which was an important pier. As its name suggests, this pier was used by boats traveling between Constantinople and Chalcedon, located on the Asian side of the Bosphorus. The pier played a key role in daily transport and communication across the strait.
Historical records mention this pier at least twice as the place where holy relics were landed. From there, the relics were carried in solemn processions to the great church of Saint Sophia, showing the religious importance of this location.
The Portus Prosphorianus
Close to the same area was the Portus Prosphorianus, a harbor located in a bay just east of the Gate of Bonus. At this point, the city walls formed a deep curve along the shore, creating a natural harbor.
The name Prosphorianus probably comes from the Greek word meaning “offering.” This suggests that the harbor was used by boats bringing food and goods from the countryside to supply the city markets. In this way, it played an important role in the economic life of Constantinople.
Other Names of the Harbor
The harbor was also known as the Phosphorion, a name linked to a legendary bright light in the sky that was believed to have saved the city from capture by Philip of Macedon. However, its most common name was Bosporion. This name likely comes from its function as a crossing point where cattle were ferried from Asia into Europe.
These multiple names reflect the long history and varied uses of the harbor, as well as the rich blend of myth, commerce, and daily life in medieval Constantinople.